IRA-to-Roth Optimal Conversion Calculator

Find how much you can convert from a Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA without jumping tax brackets — then see the taxes and timeline.

Personal Information

Your current age
Which tax year to calculate
Your federal tax filing status

Income & Taxes

Found on Line 11 of your Form 1040. Standard deduction () will be subtracted automatically.
$
Your state of residence (for state income tax estimate)

Traditional IRA Details

Total current balance in your Traditional IRA(s)
$
RMD Required: At age , your estimated Required Minimum Distribution is . RMDs are added to your taxable income before computing conversion room. RMDs cannot be converted.

Custom Conversion Amount

Enter any amount — even if it pushes you into higher brackets. We'll show a bracket-by-bracket tax breakdown.
$

Your Current Tax Bracket
Room to Top of Bracket
Estimated RMD (Age )
Federal Tax on Conversion
Total Taxes Owed on Conversion
Effective Tax Rate on Conversion
Years to Fully Convert at This Pace

Federal Tax — Bracket-by-Bracket Breakdown

BracketAmount TaxedRateTax
Total Federal Tax
Reference
RateTaxable Income Range
Standard Deduction (, ): + (Age 65+ additional)
View official IRS tax brackets →
Senior Deduction Details (Age 65+)

Additional Standard Deduction (65+):

OBBB Senior Deduction ($6,000): Available for . Phases out at 6% for AGI above .

These deductions are automatically subtracted from your AGI to calculate taxable income.

This calculator is for informational and educational purposes only. It uses federal tax brackets (post-OBBB/TCJA permanent) and estimated state top marginal rates. It does not account for Social Security taxation, NIIT, AMT, IRMAA/Medicare surcharges, QBI deductions, itemized deductions, tax credits, phaseouts, or future law changes. Roth conversions are irrevocable and fully taxable. RMDs (starting at age 73) cannot be converted and must be taken first. State tax estimates use top marginal rates for progressive-bracket states and may differ from actual liability. Consult a qualified tax professional before making conversion decisions.

Sources: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32 · Tax Foundation 2026 Brackets · Tax Foundation 2025 Brackets · Tax Foundation State Rates 2026